Ferdinand Marcos

Ferdinand Emmanuel E. Marcos was the tenth President of the Republic of the Philippines. He served as president from 1965 to 1986. He is the only president of the Philippines who served in his office for more than twenty years. Twice he ran and won as president of the country before the declaration of Martial Law in 1972. He won re-election as president in 1981 and in 1986 Snap Presidential Elections, but the mass protests known as the "1986 People Power Revolution" the force pulled him down from office in 1986.

Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos was born in Sarrat , Ilocos Norte province in the northwestern part of Luzon . He was the eldest son of Mariano Marcos , a politician, and Josefa Edralin , a teacher . In 1935 elections , the opposite of his father's political Julio Nalundasan was killed after win as representative of Ilocos Norte . Arrested him in 1938 associated with involvement in the murder , but he successfully naipetisyon the Supreme Court his temporary release to finish his studies. In 1939 he graduated up law at the University of the Philippines and passed the Bar Exam with high grades. Before the end of that year, he was found guilty and imprisoned sinintensiyahang up to 10 years . While in prison he wrote an appeal , and in 1940 took her own case before the judge , Jose P. Laurel , who nagpawalang fault him.

Mark served in the Armed Forces of the Philippines during World War II. Marcos alleged that he led guerrillas against the Japanese occupation in the Philippines , convictions he held his entire political career .

Politics
After the war, the Philippines achieved full independence from the United States . From 1946 to 1947, Mark served as assistant to the newly independent republic nangg President Manuel Roxas . Roxas withdrew the National Party , who was leading the party to form the Liberal Party. Marcos ran as the candidate of the Liberal Party and won as representative of Ilocos Norte in 1949 . Nakatatlong he terms as legislator , as he married Imelda Romualdez former winner of the contest pangkagandahan from Leyte . Marcos won as senator in 1959 . He served as president of the Senate from 1963 until 1965 . He moved another party to participate in national elections as a competitor of former President Diosdado Macapagal , the father of the current president Gloria Macapagal Arroyo . He introduced himself with the ability to cut down on corruption and not properly pamumumuno government . He got the support of the President of the United States was Lyndon B. Johnson and the community of foreign businessmen . Mark easily won the election and he was ushered on December 30, 1965 .

as President
The Constitutional Convention was not executed , for allegedly approaching chaos . Marcos declared martial law in 1972 and suspended the 1935 constitution , congress or removing and taking in all the power . Marcos disciplined politicians oppose him. Politicians arrested leader Benigno Aquino Jr. .. Terminates the freedom of journalists . The new constitution was formally declared by Marcos in January 1973 gave absolute power to the president and the postponement of the elections . Mark is supervised by virtue of decrees and hid his authoritarian power retotrika law .
Marcos said that martial law was the introduction to the creation of a new society and to sacrifice themselves for the sake of the country. But Marcos with his wife and their nearby counterparts will react with concentrated suffering corruption among the Filipino people . They Kinurakot supposedly the ark of the wealth of the Philippines with close friends who control the monopoly in the industry , communications , and banks. Amass cash lump - lump the Marcos family and other money hidden in banks abroad. Their luxurious lifestyle is great difference in the lives of ordinary Filipinos.
Mark 's ability to be firm who urges him to withdraw some of the harsh policies that suffocate the protest and freedom of expression . In 1980 , Marcos allowed Ninoy Aquino , leader of the Liberal party , to get away and hide in the United States . He also allowed Radio Veritas , a radio station run by the Catholics, to broadcast the criticism against his regime .
The Catholic hierarchy , headed by James L. Sin , Archbishop of Manila is not afraid say he opposed Marcos. In the Philippines , where most of the population is Catholic , the church makes guidance regarding political issues.
In 1981 , officially revoked Marcos martial law, but still remained its emergency power to be used for fake presidential election . As anticipation , Marcos won another term . Otherwise his health began to weaken . He had lupus erythematosus , who was disqualified to work his rock .
In 1983 , Aquino decided to go back to the Philippines, even though he knew he was arrested . Aquino was shot in the back of his head , and died a few minutes after arrived at the Manila International Airport ( Ninoy Aquino International Airport today } . Told the government that the deactivation with Aquino made ​​a hired gunman, who was killed by police at the airport . a special commission to investigate and who said results deactivation military conspiracy , but in 1985 justified the officer charged with murders . During 1990, 16 military officers convicted in deactivation Aquino, but the brain crime is not defined yet .
Aquino 's death became the major force in pagbagbsak Marcos . Described by Corazon Aquino , widow of Aquino , Marcos as a brutal dictator . To retrieve the spot and continue the support of the United States in his regime , Marcos announced the availability of the sudden presidential elections held in February 1986, years before the end of his term . Marcos expects victory for his machinery and opposition divisions . But was developed cardinal Sin opposition alliance , and Corazon Aquino urged to run for president and Salvador Laurel as vice president .

During the polls , many Americans witnessed irregularities in the running . The two representatives from the United states and the government , watching over election results released different results . Saying the same representative Corazon Aquino won but by the national assembly , the same representative said the them wins. But identified by the national assembly Marcos as the winner. Previously , the Catholic Church declared that the election took place just a hoax and Mark 's success is only emptiness .

Death

Nanatili si Marcos sa Hawaii hanggang sa siya ay pumanaw noong 1989. Makaraang pumanaw si Marcos, si Imelda ay pinawalang sala sa kasong panglulustay ng hukuman ng Estados Unidos at nahatulang nagkasala sa kasong pangungurakot ng hukuman ng Pilipinas noong 1993 ngunit binaliktad ng korte dahil sa kaniyang apela noong 1998. Maging sa iba pang kaso, siya ay pinawalang sala rin. Noong 1993, ibinalik ang naimbalsamang bangkay ni Marcos sa bansa at inilagak sa isang glass case crypt. Ito ay makikita sa kanyang museleo sa kanyang sinilangang bayan.

Gayunpaman, noong 2003, ginawaran ang pamahalaan ng 624 milyong dolyares mula sa mga perang nakalagak sa mga bangko sa Switzerland, na pag-aari ni Ferdinand Marcos. Ang perang ito ay gagamitin upang pambili ng lupa ng mga mahihirap na magsasaka. Kaagad namang umapila ang mga Marcos sa paratang.